Beijing has continuously introduced the "supply-side reform" of old-age care services to meet people’s needs for a better old-age life.
"Grandma, did you do this? It’s beautiful! "
"This is not what the teacher came to teach yesterday. It looks good. My niece and grandchildren want to order from me on WeChat." Gu Shuxia, an 84-year-old man, was holding his own hand-made goldfish, dragonflies and beautiful colored flowers, showing them to the young floor housekeeper happily. "It’s the first time I did it, but I didn’t expect it to look good."
As the first resident of Gonghe Home, Gu Shuxia has lived in this home-based pension community near Shuangqiao, Chaoyang District, Beijing for more than a month. This is the first pilot project of shared property rights pension just launched in Beijing and the first in China. Gu Shuxia said, "This is the nursing home where you live in your own home."
Reform: integrating three ways of providing for the aged
Demonstration drives supply-side structural reform in the field of aged care services.
At the end of 2017, Beijing Civil Affairs Bureau officially released the first pilot project of shared property rights pension in China — — Gonghe Homestead Centralized Home Care Community Model. This is a brand-new project that integrates home-based care, community-based care and institutional care to provide 24-hour care for the elderly with a house. In this community, the elderly who take care of themselves can enjoy a happy time, and the disabled and semi-disabled elderly can provide for the elderly with dignity.
The "pilot project of providing for the aged with shared property rights" is the latest attempt to reform the supply side of the aged care service in order to meet the people’s demand for a better life for the elderly. As of January 2, Gonghe Jiayuan has subscribed for 143 sets of contracted retirement homes. This indicates that the pilot project for the construction of shared property rights old-age service facilities in Beijing has achieved initial results.
"Old-age care services, families can’t afford it, the government can’t afford it, and enterprises can’t afford it." Li Hongbing, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, said, "This requires the participation of families, enterprises, society and the government to form a joint force."
The innovation of the mode of "shared property rights for the aged" lies in the formation of "synergy": First, the buyer holds 95% of the property rights of the old-age house, which is basically the "owner" of the house, and "living in his own home" is practical; Second, it reduces the pressure and risk of enterprise capital investment, which is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm of social capital to participate in old-age services and increasing supply; The third is 24-hour old-age care service, with 65 basic services, which can enable the elderly to enjoy relatively complete old-age care services.
In Gu Shuxia’s apartment with 95% independent property rights, in addition to the red emergency call button that can be seen everywhere, there are many facilities designed for the elderly, such as arc-shaped walls, large button switches, open toilets, retractable handrails and movable seats in the shower & HELIP; … Grandma Gu said while demonstrating, "These facilities are comfortable and safe, which can’t be done at home."
Pushing open the door, the garden outside the window is bleak in the middle of winter, but it is warm as spring in the spacious indoor corridor and bright public activity area. In front of rows of tall floor-to-ceiling bookshelves, paintings are read by desks, and old people go out of their homes to write and draw here and make handicrafts; In the afternoon tea area near the French window, the comfortable sofa is suitable for chatting and watching the scenery; Not far away, the public lecture area, which is naturally separated by the manual exhibition area of painting, is both a health lecture hall and a fellowship venue.
Next to the signboard, there is a weekly "Daily Activity Schedule". In addition to the "morning health class" every morning, there are also courses such as handicraft, chorus, smart product learning, art appreciation and movie appreciation. Grandma Gu smiled and explained, "Smart product learning is learning to send WeChat."
On the north side of the lobby on the first floor is a central kitchen, a family kitchen and a public restaurant, which can meet the different dietary needs of the old people. "Three meals a day here are not heavy!" Old grandma smiled ha ha.
Cross the corridor on one side of the restaurant and take the elevator to the second floor, which is the maintenance center and medical center area of Gonghe Home. There is not only medical care for the disabled and demented elderly, but also 24-hour emergency medical care for every elderly person in the community.
"Shared property rights for the aged" integrates home-based pension, community-based pension and institutional pension. Li Hongbing believes that "embedding home-based care in institutional care, living in home space, using institutional services and public facilities, so that the elderly can enjoy professional services combining medical care and nursing in their own homes, this model not only relieves the pressure on investors’ assets, but also drives the supply-side structural reform in the field of old-age care services."
"The construction model of shared property rights pension service facilities has attracted high-quality social capital to enter the pension service industry, cracked the bottleneck of capital mobility in the construction of pension facilities, and effectively solved the diversified and diversified pension service needs of the public." Li Hongbing said that the pilot mode of shared property rights will be introduced into the construction of supporting urban facilities of Beijing City Sub-center, which will promote the formation of a new community lifestyle of "integration of occupation and residence, multi-generation coexistence, combination of medical care and continuous care" and improve the functional quality of Beijing City Sub-center.
Chaoyang District, Beijing is a national pilot unit of combining medical care with nursing care, and has built the largest and most powerful district-level guidance center for aged care services in the city.
Wu Ning, the relevant person in charge of the Civil Affairs Bureau of Chaoyang District, Beijing, introduced that the pilot project of shared property rights old-age service facilities has opened up a pattern of independent old-age care supply for home communities and institutions, so that the elderly can enjoy professional services like medical care in old-age care institutions in their own homes. About 40% of the total area of Gonghe Jiayuan Community is used for supporting public service facilities such as medical care and catering, and is owned and operated by enterprises. "This is a brand-new pension model and a supplement to the current pension project. We encourage more enterprises involved in old-age care projects to actively build platforms to continuously meet the diversified and diversified needs of the people for old-age care. "
Innovation: "property right+service"
Enjoy the old-age care service in your own home, "there are assets in the world and a legacy when you die."
Under this model, the elderly can enjoy the old-age care service at home, and enterprises can also go into battle "lightly". As a product of social capital investment in socialized aged care services, Ni Haohua, chairman of Lecheng Group, the investment operator of Gonghe Home, said: "Beijing home-based aged care community has changed people’s inherent cognition of family-based aged care. Before that, no home-based aged care can achieve such convenient and comprehensive aged care services. This kind of ‘ Property right+service ’ The innovative pension model has achieved two goals at both ends of pension and asset inheritance, which not only provides adequate pension service guarantee for the elderly, reduces the burden on children, but also provides an inheritable asset, which is equivalent to solving the pension problem of two generations. "
Yang Xiuying has a parrot, which has been kept for 14 years. Over the years, she moved several times in Beijing, and this parrot followed her into several houses.
Yang Xiuying, 81, a new resident of Gonghe’s home, smiled and told reporters, "If you don’t leave this time, you will settle down here."
Yang Xiuying said that her daughter had arranged it, so she didn’t have to worry about anything.
In 1992, Yang Xiuying, a primary school Chinese teacher, retired from a primary school in Tongzhou District, Beijing, and followed his wife to live in a bedroom in Chaoyang District. "That’s my daughter’s house, for me and her father." It was a happy time after retirement. They went to the Temple of Heaven to fight boxing every day, and went to the Botanical Garden and the Summer Palace for a walk every week. Their lives were comfortable and relaxed.
Later, when his wife passed away, Yang Xiuying was in great pain. At the suggestion of my daughter, I went out for fun. I didn’t want to, but I liked traveling. In his 70s, Yang Xiuying often went to Inner Mongolia alone to see the prairie, Shenyang to visit the Forbidden City, Luoyang to enjoy the peony and Hainan to see the mangroves. Walking, I understand the scenery and human feelings in the text that I am most familiar with, and let her develop an independent and quiet living habit.
With the growth of age, a sudden senile stroke caught the family off guard. My daughter wanted to take her to live with her, but she refused. My daughter rented her a house near her home, and she thought, "This is ok." Later, the children became more and more worried about her health. "Please get a nanny, the old lady can do everything. Don’t ask, I really don’t trust her alone. "
In 2014, after she suffered another stroke, her daughter quietly visited many nursing homes in Beijing. "Going to a nursing home is impossible." Yang Xiuying refused at first, and followed her daughter to visit the Gongheyuan Pension Apartment near Shuangjing, Chaoyang District with a "fault-finding" mentality. "I didn’t expect to see it as soon as I went."
Yang Xiuying said that he likes the cultural atmosphere and entertainment activities there, and he can also play the piano. He is of the same age and has no barriers to communication. "The key is to eat a buffet." Yang Xiuying, who is rich and kind, laughed, "I just like to eat buffets."
Gongheyuan is another new beginning of Yang Xiuying’s old age life. "I am very satisfied with everything. But it is here that the land is precious, the facilities and services are high-end, and the fees are too expensive. " Although I rented out the previous apartment, with my own pension, "my daughter has to take some."
At the beginning of this year, my daughter quietly told her, "I sold that house and bought Gonghe Home, a pension community developed by Gongheyuan." The daughter said, "In this way, you can live in your own house and enjoy the same old-age service as Gongheyuan." Yang Xiuying happily told reporters that his pension now has a slight surplus in addition to paying monthly pension service fees and meals.
Gao Junsong, head of the investment operator of Gonghe Jiayuan, told the reporter that at present, the pilot project has 365 sets of old-age homes and 39 maintenance centers with a total of 68 beds.
In addition to supporting public facilities for the elderly, the community also provides services such as long-term residence, nutritious diet, medical care, home service, continuous care and healthy entertainment for the elderly.
Gonghe Home implements the principle of "separate rooms for directional sale, public service space for holding and management, and residence for people with limited age". 5% of the property rights of each room are held by investors forever, and the other 95% are sold to residents with elderly people over 60 years old, which is allowed to be sold. "Property owners will have 50 years of ‘ Real estate registration certificate ’ It gives the purchaser the ownership of the assets of the old-age room. " Li Hongbing said that "there are assets in the world, but there is a legacy in death" will no longer be a dream.
"Firewall": Ensure that it does not violate the original intention of providing for the aged.
The government can control the whole process of the operation of the shared property pension project, and enterprises set up a "firewall"
In order to prevent the property from being misnamed, the relevant pilot scheme in Beijing has strict policy restrictions on the residents, that is, they must be elderly people over 60 years old (inclusive). A series of measures have also been taken in the pilot scheme to ensure that investors must rely on providing old-age care services instead of selling houses in order to make the old-age housing really used for old-age care.
"Investors can’t make a profit just by selling retirement homes. On the contrary, if investors keep their promises to serve the old and operate properly, they will become good operating assets. " Gao Junsong, vice president of Lecheng Group, the operator of Gonghe Home, said.
In fact, in order to ensure that the shared-property pension room never goes against the original intention of providing for the aged, the Beijing Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau, the Planning and Land Commission and the Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development all stressed that this is a pension project, not a real estate project. Although the pension enterprise only undertakes 5% of the property rights of the living room, it should provide sustainable professional management for the future pension service.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Soil and Resources Management, the land use nature of the project belongs to operating pension facilities, and the land use policy of real estate is not applicable. The Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources will strengthen supervision, and it is strictly forbidden to engage in real estate development in the name of pension institutions, to carry out irrelevant activities in the name of pension, and to change the nature of land use.
Gao Junsong introduced that under the guidance of the government and relevant departments, investors set up a "firewall" and adopted a series of measures to prevent the abuse of the pilot policy. For example, to carry out the purchase qualification assessment, first confirm the demand for aged care services. Lecheng Company set up an evaluation team to understand the authenticity of customer identity, the purpose of buying a house, service demand, etc. After the evaluation, issue an evaluation report, customize the service list, establish customer information files, and submit the files to the civil affairs department for review and filing.
At the same time, every occupant has to pay a "basic service fee" of 3,000 yuan per month before signing the Purchase Agreement. This fee, "whether the room is vacant or not, will be charged. This is also to prevent buyers from using the old house for other purposes for various reasons. " Gao Junsong said.
Based on the price of 40,000 yuan per square meter of the pilot project, the total amount of a 79-square-meter project is 3.16 million yuan, and the service fee to be paid in 50 years is 1.8 million yuan, which is equivalent to a total payment of 4.96 million yuan, which is about 63,000 yuan per square meter, which has no obvious price advantage compared with the surrounding ordinary commercial housing.
Li Hongbing emphasized that the whole process of the project implementation is controllable by the government. "The house is used for living, and the old-age service facilities are used for supporting the elderly. Under the control of the government, the elderly have new choices. " (Qiang Xiaoling)